中国县级以上行政中心迁移的特征、效应及其影响因素     

赵彪  王开泳  赵逸才 《地理科学进展》2022,41(2):185-198

行政中心设置是否科学合理,直接影响着资源要素的高效配置、基本公共服务均等化、区域协调高质量发展,以及国家治理体系与治理能力现代化。论文采用空间分析、双重差分模型等方法,对改革开放以来中国县级以上行政中心迁移的基本特征、经济效应及其影响因素进行了分析。研究表明：在迁移特征方面,行政级别越高,迁移距离相对越远,集中出现在2000年以后,以华北地区最为频繁,西部地区迁移距离普遍比其他地区更远;在迁移效应方面,新行政中心周边人口、经济和建设用地增速都明显快于原行政中心,行政中心迁移对经济发展起到了一定的促进作用,但也存在着明显的差异性;在影响因素方面,主要受资源环境条件制约、旧城规划改造推动、新区开发建设引导、行政体制改革和城市发展战略等因素的影响,行政中心迁移通常是多重因素共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

The use of fractal geometry to determine the impact of inlet migration on the dynamics of a seagrass landscape     

A.H. Cunha  R.P. Santos 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,84(4):584-590

The use of fractal geometry to evaluate seagrass scaling behavior and the persistence of seagrass landscape patterns in relation to a disturbance is presented in this paper.Ria Formosa is a dynamic barrier-island system with a migrating inlet that creates a cyclic disturbance in a seagrass landscape. Seagrass patches which develop in the intertidal and shallow subtidal areas of Ria Formosa were digitized from a temporal sequence of aerial photographs, from 1980 to 1998. The methodology used to evaluate seagrass scaling behavior was proposed by Meltzer and Hastings (1992), and relates the frequency distribution of patch size with the existence of patch size-related patterns. The Hurst exponent was calculated to assess the temporal persistence of the seagrass landscape. Univariate regression was used to investigate relations between temporal persistence and disturbance. The existence of patch size-related patterns was identified for all years suggesting shifts in generating processes occurring at different domains of scales in the seagrass landscape. The results enforces the idea that it is important to recognize the existence of diverse processes occurring at different domains of scales and, emphasizes the importance of evaluating issues of temporal and spatial scale while trying to understand changes in seagrass landscapes. The Hurst exponent estimates show that although the migration and relocation of the inlet affected this system the evolutionary trajectory of the seagrass landscape is persistent, i.e., the patch dynamics observed is stable. Furthermore, persistence values were different for differently sized patches, small patches having lower persistence then larger patches.  相似文献   

基于GIS的移民搬迁信息化管理系统的设计与实现     

张亚玲  耿爱君  余树影 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(8)

为了更好地实现移民搬迁信息的数字化管理和共享,本文将GIS与计算机网络技术和数据库有效地结合起来,建立了基于GIS的移民搬迁信息化管理系统。该系统实现了移民人员管理、建设项目管理、资金管理、三维显示分析、电子档案管理、领导查询,以及统计分析等功能,较大地提高了移民工作效率和移民精准度。  相似文献   

Geometric corrections on sidescan sonar images based on bathymetry. Application with SeaMARC II and Sea Beam data     

Pierre Cervenka  Christian De Moustier  Peter F. Lonsdale 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1994,16(5):365-383

Acoustic backscatter images of the seafloor obtained with sidescan sonar systems are displayed most often using a flat bottom assumption. Whenever this assumption is not valid, pixels are mapped incorrectly in the image frame, yielding distorted representations of the seafloor. Here, such distortions are corrected by using an appropriate representation of the relief, as measured by the sonar that collected the acoustic backscatter information. In addition, all spatial filtering operations required in the pixel relocation process take the sonar geometry into account. Examples of the process are provided by data collected in the Northeastern Pacific over Fieberling Guyot with the SeaMARC II bathymetric sidescan sonar system and the Sea Beam multibeam echo-sounder. The nearly complete (90%) Sea Beam bathymetry coverage of the Guyot serves as a reference to quantify the distortions found in the backscatter images and to evaluate the accuracy of the corrections performed with SeaMARC II bathymetry. As a byproduct, the processed SeaMARC II bathymetry and the Sea Beam bathymetry adapted to the SeaMARC II sonar geometry exhibit a 35m mean-square difference over the entire area surveyed.On leave at the Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7420, Washington D.C. 20375-5350.  相似文献   

BRAZILIAN IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES AND THE GEOGRAPHICAL IMAGINATION*     

ALAN P. MARCUS 《Geographical review》2009,99(4):481-498

ABSTRACT. In the late 1980s more than 1 million Brazilians left Brazil without returning. Today an estimated 2 million Brazilians live abroad, 1.2 million of them in the United States. In this article I show that Brazilians migrate for a variety of reasons, including the geographical imagination. Why are so many Brazilians leaving for the United States? What are their geographical imaginations, and how are they described in their migration process? Using primary and secondary data and multiple methods, I address these questions by providing insights into Brazilian migrants' place perceptions, experiences, and reasons for migrating, focusing on the geographical imagination. Those migrants who end up returning to Brazil are more likely to cite financial and curiosity reasons for having migrated. A web of transnational religious and social networks sustains those immigrants who remain in the United States. Reasons for migrating are not economic alone; rather, they are based on interrelated and complex factors that range from adventure to curiosity, the cultural influence of the United States, family members, education, and escape.  相似文献   

The 9th of July 1998 Faial Island (Azores,North Atlantic) seismic sequence   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L. Matias  N. A. Dias  I. Morais  D. Vales  F. Carrilho  J. Madeira  J. L. Gaspar  L. Senos  A. B. Silveira 《Journal of Seismology》2007,11(3):275-298

The Faial earthquake (M _L 5.8) that occurred on the 9th of July, 1998, in the Azores region (north Atlantic), caused nine casualties and severe destruction affecting more than 5,000 people. The main shock was located at sea, 10 km NE of the Faial Island, and triggered a seismic sequence that lasted for several weeks and was characterized by an unusual high p-value of 1.40 for the modified Omori law. We present here the results of a joint inversion of hypocenters and 1D velocity model performed on the data collected by the permanent network complemented with a temporary network installed shortly after the occurrence of the main event. The 1D velocity model shows a heterogeneous upper crust, testified by the observed differences in site effects at the stations, while the middle crust from ∼2.5 to 8 km in depth is quite homogeneous. The Moho is located at a depth of about 12–13 km and the Vp/Vs ratio is found to be around 1.78. The events at depth are mainly concentrated in the middle-lower crust (8–12 km), while their spatial distribution shows a main cluster, visible after relocation, SSE trending. This direction of elongation is consistent with one of the fault planes (N151°E) of the centroid moment tensor (CMT) solution for the main shock. The same plane is the preferred main shock fault plane inferred after a Coulomb failure function analysis on the aftershock distribution. The main event relocation points to a focal depth shallower than 5 km. The aftershocks pattern shows that several fault systems were reactivated by the stress perturbation induced by the main shock. Besides the two main tectonic directions, trending WNW–ESE and NNW–SSE, observed in the tectonics of Faial, Pico, and S. Jorge, there is also evidence of a new tectonic direction trending WSW–ENE.  相似文献   

南京地震台地电阻率异常变化分析     

李伟  孙春仙  王锋  王海云 《地震地磁观测与研究》2007,28(3):48-51

南京地震台电阻率NS向观测2005年4月初出现明显的转折变化,经过外线路巡查、仪器标定及对比分析后认为,该变化是地电布极区附近的东新村拆迁,自来水管网拆除引起,非背景场变化,也非地震异常.  相似文献   

Relocation of the Ms≥2.0 Earthquakes in the Northern Tianshan Region, Xinjiang, Using the Double-Difference Earthquake Relocation Algorithm     

Wang Haitao 《中国地震研究》2007,21(4):388-396

We applied the double-difference earthquake relocation algorithm to 1348 earthquakes with M_S≥2.0 that occurred in the northern Tianshan region, Xinjiang, from April 1988 to June 2003, using a total of 28701 P- and S-wave arrival times recorded by 32 seismic stations in Xinjiang. Aiming to obtain most of these M_S≥2.0 earthquakes relocations, and considering the requirements of the DD method and the condition of data, we added the travel time data of another 437 earthquakes with 1.5≤M_S<2.0. Finally, we obtained the relocation results for 1253 earthquakes with M_S≥2.0, which account for 93% of all the 1348 earthquakes with M_S≥2.0 and includes all the M_S≥3.0 earthquakes. The reason for not relocating the 95 earthquakes with 2.0≤M_S<3.0 is analyzed in the paper. After relocation, the RMS residual decreased from 0.83s to 0.14s, the average error is 0.993 km in E-W direction, 1.10 km in N-S direction, and 1.33 km in vertical direction. The hypocenter depths are more convergent than before and distributed from 5 km to 35 km, with 94% being from 5km to 35 km, 68.2% from 10 km to 25 km. The average hypocenter depth is 19 km.  相似文献   

用双差地震定位法再次精确测定1998年张北-尚义地震序列的震源参数   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20       下载免费PDF全文

杨智娴  陈运泰 《地震学报》2004,26(2):115-120

1998年1月10日北京时间11时50分（03时50分UTC），在北京西北约180 km的河北省张北县与尚义县交界地区发生的ML=6.2地震. 该地震是近年华北地区的重要地震事件. 由于地表未见明显的活动断裂展布，震后的野外考察未给出任何优势走向的地表破裂资料，余震分布也没有显示出优势的展布方向，因此发震构造不清楚.笔者曾应用主事件相对定位方法，对张北——尚义地震序列的主震和ML3.0余震重新精确定位，得出结论:张北——尚义地震序列的主震震中位置为41.145N、114.462E，位于宏观震中的北东方向约4km处，震源深度15 km; 余震震源分布在走向180～200、接近于竖直的平面内及其附近. 这一重新精确定位的结果表明，张北——尚义地震的发震构造是一北北东向的断层. 文中作者应用另一相对定位方法——双差地震定位法，对张北——尚义地震序列的主震和ML3.0余震再度进行精确定位. 双差地震定位法重新定位后，得出结论:张北——尚义地震序列的主震震中位置为41.131N、 114.456E，位于宏观震中的北东方向约2.5 km处，震源深度12.8 km; 余震震源也分布在走向N10E的接近于竖直的平面内及其附近. 这一重新精确定位的结果，再次表明张北——尚义地震的发震构造是一北北东向的断层.   相似文献   

Analysis of the 2002 May earthquake sequence in the central Pyrenees, consequences for the evaluation of the seismic risk at Lourdes, France     

Noalwenn Dubos  Matthieu Sylvander  Annie Souriau  Christian Ponsolles  Sébastien Chevrot  Jean-François Fels  Sébastien Benahmed 《Geophysical Journal International》2004,156(3):527-540

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